Known as Yellow-cheeked blenny, the species Microlipophrys canevae inhabits the waters of the Mediterranean Sea where they are endemic and very abundant. To a lesser extent, it is also possible to see this species on the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean from Portugal to Morocco. They are associated with rocky bottoms, very rich in algae, and with the presence of small holes in the rocks, where they shelter. It is common for them to take advantage of the hollows that the date mussels (Lithophaga lithophaga) make on the rocks. Microlipophrys canevae are rarely found in waters deeper than 2 meters.
The body of Microlipophrys canevae is elongated (<7 cm) and laterally compressed. The rostrum is tall, with relatively small eyes positioned superiorly and slightly laterally. It has no supraocular tentacles, however, it does have very small nasal tentacles. The mouth is small and located on the lower part of the rostrum. The dorsal fin has two regions (incised). The anterior part, formed by 8 spines, is lower than the posterior part. The posterior section of the dorsal fin is formed by 15 soft rays. The anal fin begins about half the length of the body. It consists of 2 spines followed by 16 soft rays, and runs almost to the caudal peduncle. The skin of Microlipophrys canevae is naked, so it is not protected by scales. Instead, the body secretes a mucus that keeps the skin protected. The color pattern of this species is variable, with body colors ranging from black to purple, beige or brown depending on the environment and light conditions. The flanks have marbled spots arranged in more or less horizontal rows along the body, while the cephalic region has numerous small circular spots.
Microlipophrys canevae is a territorial species that will not allow other combtooth blennies to occupy its territory. In its territory, often very abundant in ground cover algae, it finds the components of its diet, among which we find small invertebrates (especially crustaceans) as well as the algae itself that is the main component of its diet.
The reproduction of Microlipophrys canevae occurs during the months of April to August. During this period, the male specimens adopt a different coloration from the rest of the year, especially in the cephalic region. This adopts a completely black tonality where the cheeks and throat stand out in an intense yellow color. Male specimens shake their heads in order to attract females to their shelters. When this happens, both enter the nest to lay their eggs. The different eggs will be attached to the substrate at the bottom of the nest by means of an adhesive substance. After the eggs are laid, the male will be in charge of taking care of them, waving his pectoral fins in front of them to ensure the correct oxygenation of his offspring.
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